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''Emma in Winter'' is a children's novel by British writer Penelope Farmer, published in 1966 by Chatto & Windus in the UK, and by Harcourt in the USA. It is the second of three books featuring the Makepeace sisters, Charlotte and Emma,〔Anita Silvey, ed: ''Children's books and their creators'' (New York, Houghton Mifflin, 1995), p. 238.〕 These three books are sometimes known as the ''Aviary Hall'' books.() ==Background== At the age of twenty-one, Penelope Farmer was contracted for her first collection of short stories, ''The China People''. One story originally intended for this collection proved too long to include. This was rewritten as the first chapter of ''The Summer Birds'' (1962), her first book featuring Charlotte and Emma Makepeace.〔'Penelope Farmer' in ''Something About the Author'' 105 (1999) p. 67〕 ''The Summer Birds'' received a Carnegie Medal commendation in 1963. A second book, ''Emma in Winter'', set roughly two years later, with Emma as the main character followed in 1966. The main settings of both these books are a small village school in the South Downs in southern England, and Aviary Hall, the girls' home. ''Charlotte Sometimes'' followed in 1969, set slightly before the events of ''Emma in Winter'', which follows Charlotte's first term in a London boarding school. According to Farmer, Charlotte and Emma, who grow up in their Grandfather Elijah's house, were originally based on her mother and her mother's sister as children, having no parents and "…having to be everything to each other," one being the responsible one, the other being rather difficult.〔'Penelope Farmer' in ''Something About the Author'' 40 (1985) p. 77〕 Penelope Farmer stated that while writing ''Emma in Winter'', she did not realize that identity was such a predominant theme in the novel until she encountered Margery Fisher's comments in on the book in ''Growing Point''. She had a similar realization, this time on her own, while writing ''Charlotte Sometimes''. ''Emma in Winter'' is dedicated to Judy (1939‒1991), Penelope Farmer's older twin sister. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Emma in Winter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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